Postpartum Depression

Pregnancy
1. The first trimester
2. The second trimester
3. The third trimester
4. Child birth (Labor and delivery)
5. Soon after Childbirth
6. Postpartum Depression
7. Thrust during pregnancy
8. Miscarriage
9. Ectopic Pregnancy
10. Anemia During Pregnancy

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Pospartum depression (postnatal depression), is a type of clinical depression, affecting women, after childbirth. Normally this of nervous tension occurs in women in the first new months of pregnancy, but in some women, it can last after child birth. The rate of occurrence is between 5 -25%, depending to the uniqueness of each women. In men the occurrence of postpartum depression are uncleared with the range between 1% and 25%.
Normally the symptoms will go away on its own in a short period of time (Baby blue symptoms). In some women, the symptoms get more serve everyday and does not go away that can leading to the onset of postpartum depression

Symptoms
As a result of rapid hormone change after birth
1. Sadness
2. Lack of interest in your baby and negative feelings towards your baby
3. Changes in eating appetite
4. Reduced sexual desire
5. Feelings of worthlessness and guilt
6. Trouble focusing, remembering, or making decisions
7. Mood swing
8. Insomnia
8. irritability
9. Loss of pleasure
10. Suicidal
11. Withdrawal from friends and family
12. Etc.


Causes and risk factors
1. The body can not adjust quickly enough to the rapid hormone change after birth, such as suddenly drop of estrogen and progesterone. thyroid hormone, etc.
2. Sudden change physically and emotionally, such as premature baby, losing the baby weight, insecurity, etc.
3. Over whelming for the responsibility to look after the newborn.
4. Emotional stress during labor and delivery
5. Previous incidence of depression can increases the risk of the diseases.
6. previous incidence of pospartum depression can increases the risk of the diseases.
7. Unplanned pregnancy
8. Serve menstrual cramps and pain
9. Family history
Increased risk of the incidence if one or more direct family has the previous the diseases.
10. Etc.


How postpartum depression affects the baby
Since postpartum depression is a serious mental illness, it can interfere with your ability to look after yourself, your child and daily activities performance,etc., if left untreated, it can badly effect your newborn such as loving one minute and withdrawn the next, do not response to the needs of the baby, leading to the insecurity attachment(a negative feeling when they are baby), lack of emotional bond between the mother and the baby, etc.
1. Insecurity attachment is negative feeling when they are baby
a. Children with insecurity attachment have difficulty connecting to others and managing their own emotions.
2. Children with insecurity attachment have a lack of trust to others and self-worth, a fear of getting close to other and feel unsafe when alone.
3. May be delayed in their development, due to withdrawal him self out of learning
4. Sleep disorder, may be caused the feeling of unsafe
5. Quiet and passive due to no response from the depressive mother.
6. Behavior problem
7. Aggression
8. Lower self esteem
9. Increased risk of depression in the later of the baby's life
10. Etc.

Treatments
Although there is no specific treatment for postpartum depression, researchers suggest the below treatment depending to the situation of each woman.
1. Interpersonal therapy (IPT)
Interpersonal therapy (IPT), which is a time-limited, annualized psychotherapy, focuses on remit depression, alleviate interpersonal distress, and assist patients to build or better utilize social supports is believed to be very effective in treating women with postpartum depression.

2. Marriage
Some women with postpartum depression may feet that their marriage is in danger of breaking off, such as feeling unsupport of the partner,... then marriage counseling could be very beneficial.

3. Hormone therapy
Certain types of anti-depression medicine used combination with estrogen therapy can be beneficial

4. Medicine
Antidepressants may be necessary in some case, depending to the severity of the diseases and breast feeding.

5. Support from the family, friends, support group can be helpful.

6. In some case, a women with postpartum depression may be put in the hospital if the treatments do not help or her action may be in danger to herself and the baby.

In the 18-month study followed 157 women who were recruited from middle-class communities across the Iowa City region. researcher found that even though all depressed mothers received treatment and most were symptom-free, postpartum mothers reported their toddlers as less securely attached,...
Fortunately, most women will find that the condition improves in a few months of treatment and most of them recovery from the diseases.

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